King James Version

What Does Luke 16:13 Mean?

Luke 16:13 in the King James Version says “No servant can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to the one, ... — study this verse from Luke chapter 16 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

No servant can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to the one, and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and mammon.

Luke 16:13 · KJV


Context

11

If therefore ye have not been faithful in the unrighteous mammon, who will commit to your trust the true riches? mammon: or, riches

12

And if ye have not been faithful in that which is another man's, who shall give you that which is your own?

13

No servant can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to the one, and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and mammon.

14

And the Pharisees also, who were covetous, heard all these things: and they derided him.

15

And he said unto them, Ye are they which justify yourselves before men; but God knoweth your hearts: for that which is highly esteemed among men is abomination in the sight of God.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus states an absolute: 'No servant can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to the one, and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and mammon.' The impossibility is categorical: 'no servant can serve two masters' (οὐδεὶς οἰκέτης δύναται δυσὶ κυρίοις δουλεύειν, oudeis oiketēs dynatai dysi kyriois douleuein). Divided loyalty is impossible—either God or money will dominate. The verbs 'hate/love' and 'hold to/despise' don't require conscious rejection but describe inevitable prioritization. The final declaration 'ye cannot serve God and mammon' (οὐ δύνασθε θεῷ δουλεύειν καὶ μαμωνᾷ, ou dynasthe theō douleuein kai mamōna) is unequivocal. Money isn't neutral—it's a rival god demanding allegiance.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Jesus personifies 'mammon' (μαμωνᾷ, mamōna) as a master competing with God for human devotion. This explains why the New Testament says more about money than almost any other topic—not because wealth is supremely important but because it's supremely dangerous. Money promises security, significance, and satisfaction—the very things only God can provide. Therefore, money becomes an idol. The either/or choice—God or money—cuts through all religious compromise. You can't compartmentalize life, serving God on Sundays while serving mammon weekdays. Lordship is total or non-existent. How you earn, spend, save, give, and think about money reveals your true master.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does money function as a rival god competing with the true God for human allegiance?
  2. What does it look like practically to serve mammon rather than God?
  3. How can you examine your life to discern whether you're truly serving God or subtly serving money?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 28 words
Οὐδεὶς1 of 28

No

G3762

not even one (man, woman or thing), i.e., none, nobody, nothing

οἰκέτης2 of 28

servant

G3610

a fellow resident, i.e., menial domestic

δύνασθε3 of 28

can

G1410

to be able or possible

δυσὶ4 of 28

two

G1417

"two"

κυρίοις5 of 28

masters

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

δουλεύειν6 of 28

serve

G1398

to be a slave to (literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary)

7 of 28

either

G2228

disjunctive, or; comparative, than

γὰρ8 of 28

for

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

τὸν9 of 28
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἑνὸς10 of 28

the one

G1520

one

μισήσει11 of 28

he will hate

G3404

to detest (especially to persecute); by extension, to love less

καὶ12 of 28

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τὸν13 of 28
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἑτέρου14 of 28

the other

G2087

(an-, the) other or different

ἀγαπήσει15 of 28

love

G25

to love (in a social or moral sense)

16 of 28

either

G2228

disjunctive, or; comparative, than

ἑνὸς17 of 28

the one

G1520

one

ἀνθέξεται18 of 28

he will hold

G472

to hold oneself opposite to, i.e., (by implication) adhere to; by extension to care for

καὶ19 of 28

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τοῦ20 of 28
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἑτέρου21 of 28

the other

G2087

(an-, the) other or different

καταφρονήσει22 of 28

despise

G2706

to think against, i.e., disesteem

οὐ23 of 28

Ye cannot

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

δύνασθε24 of 28

can

G1410

to be able or possible

θεῷ25 of 28

God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

δουλεύειν26 of 28

serve

G1398

to be a slave to (literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary)

καὶ27 of 28

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

μαμωνᾷ28 of 28

mammon

G3126

mammonas, i.e., avarice (deified)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 16:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 16:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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