King James Version

What Does Joshua 19:34 Mean?

And then the coast turneth westward to Aznothtabor, and goeth out from thence to Hukkok, and reacheth to Zebulun on the south side, and reacheth to Asher on the west side, and to Judah upon Jordan toward the sunrising .

Joshua 19:34 · KJV


Context

32

The sixth lot came out to the children of Naphtali, even for the children of Naphtali according to their families.

33

And their coast was from Heleph, from Allon to Zaanannim, and Adami, Nekeb, and Jabneel, unto Lakum; and the outgoings thereof were at Jordan:

34

And then the coast turneth westward to Aznothtabor, and goeth out from thence to Hukkok, and reacheth to Zebulun on the south side, and reacheth to Asher on the west side, and to Judah upon Jordan toward the sunrising .

35

And the fenced cities are Ziddim, Zer, and Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth,

36

And Adamah, and Ramah, and Hazor,


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And then the coast turneth westward to Aznoth-tabor, and goeth out from thence to Hukkok, and reacheth to Zebulun on the south side, and reacheth to Asher on the west side, and to Judah upon Jordan toward the sunrising. This verse maps Naphtali's western and southern boundaries, showing how tribal territories interlocked like a divine mosaic. The verb "turneth" (shav, שָׁב) uses the same root as "return" or "repent," illustrating how boundaries redirect and define—just as God's commandments establish righteous limits.

The name Aznoth-tabor (אָזְנוֹת תָּבוֹר) means "ears of Tabor," likely referring to prominent peaks or ridges near Mount Tabor. Mount Tabor itself became famous as the site of Deborah and Barak's mustering point against Sisera (Judges 4:6, 12-14), and later as a traditional site of Christ's transfiguration. God's geographical allocations thus prepared the landscape for future redemptive acts.

The phrase "reacheth to Zebulun on the south side, and reacheth to Asher on the west side, and to Judah upon Jordan toward the sunrising" demonstrates the careful coordination of tribal borders. Naphtali's territory touched three other tribes, plus the Jordan River. The mention of Judah seems unusual here (Judah was far south); most scholars understand this as a reference to a Judahite enclave or possibly a textual reference to the Jordan boundary shared with eastern territories. The comprehensive boundary description ensured each tribe knew its nachalah (נַחֲלָה, inheritance) precisely.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Mount Tabor rises 1,886 feet above sea level, dominating the eastern Jezreel Valley and serving as a natural landmark visible for miles. Its strategic position made it militarily significant throughout Israelite history. The mountain lay at the junction of Naphtali, Zebulun, and Issachar territories, making it a natural gathering point for northern tribes.

Naphtali's borders with Zebulun and Asher created a northern tribal bloc that often acted in concert, as seen in Deborah's song (Judges 5:18) praising both Naphtali and Zebulun for risking their lives in battle. This geographical proximity fostered cultural and military cooperation, demonstrating how God's land distribution created natural alliances for mutual defense and blessing.

The "sunrising" (mizrach ha-shemesh, מִזְרַח הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ) refers to the east, using the sun's daily pattern for orientation. Ancient Israelites used natural phenomena for direction: east (sunrise), west (sea/sunset), south (right hand when facing east), north (left hand). This orientation system appears throughout Scripture, grounding theological truth in observable creation.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do the interlocking tribal boundaries illustrate the church's interdependence and need for defined but cooperative relationships between local congregations?
  2. What does God's preparation of specific geographical sites for future redemptive acts (like Mount Tabor) teach about His sovereignty over history and geography?
  3. How might Naphtali's borders with multiple tribes inform our understanding of Christian unity that respects distinct identities while requiring mutual cooperation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וְשָׁ֨ב1 of 18

turneth

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

הַגְּב֥וּל2 of 18

And then the coast

H1366

properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e., (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed

מִיָּ֔ם3 of 18

on the west side

H3220

a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif

אַזְנ֣וֹת4 of 18
H0
תָּב֔וֹר5 of 18

to Aznothtabor

H243

aznoth-tabor, a place in palestine

וְיָצָ֥א6 of 18

and goeth out

H3318

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

מִשָּׁ֖ם7 of 18
H8033

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

חוּקֹ֑קָה8 of 18

from thence to Hukkok

H2712

chukkok or chukok, a place in palestine

פָּגַ֣ע9 of 18

and reacheth

H6293

to impinge, by accident or violence, or (figuratively) by importunity

בִּזְבֻל֜וּן10 of 18

to Zebulun

H2074

zebulon, a son of jacob; also his territory and tribe

מִנֶּ֗גֶב11 of 18

on the south side

H5045

the south (from its drought); specifically, the negeb or southern district of judah, occasionally, egypt (as south to palestine)

וּבְאָשֵׁר֙12 of 18

to Asher

H836

asher, a son of jacob, and the tribe descended from him, with its territory; also a place in palestine

פָּגַ֣ע13 of 18

and reacheth

H6293

to impinge, by accident or violence, or (figuratively) by importunity

מִיָּ֔ם14 of 18

on the west side

H3220

a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif

וּבִ֣יהוּדָ֔ה15 of 18

and to Judah

H3063

jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory

הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן16 of 18

upon Jordan

H3383

jarden, the principal river of palestine

מִזְרַ֥ח17 of 18

toward the sunrising

H4217

sunrise, i.e., the east

הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃18 of 18
H8121

the sun; by implication, the east; figuratively, a ray, i.e., (architectural) a notched battlement


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Joshua. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Joshua 19:34 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Joshua 19:34 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study