King James Version

What Does Hosea 5:9 Mean?

Hosea 5:9 in the King James Version says “Ephraim shall be desolate in the day of rebuke: among the tribes of Israel have I made known that which shall surely be. — study this verse from Hosea chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Ephraim shall be desolate in the day of rebuke: among the tribes of Israel have I made known that which shall surely be.

Hosea 5:9 · KJV


Context

7

They have dealt treacherously against the LORD: for they have begotten strange children: now shall a month devour them with their portions.

8

Blow ye the cornet in Gibeah, and the trumpet in Ramah: cry aloud at Bethaven, after thee, O Benjamin.

9

Ephraim shall be desolate in the day of rebuke: among the tribes of Israel have I made known that which shall surely be.

10

The princes of Judah were like them that remove the bound: therefore I will pour out my wrath upon them like water.

11

Ephraim is oppressed and broken in judgment, because he willingly walked after the commandment.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Certain calamity: 'Ephraim shall be desolate in the day of rebuke: among the tribes of Israel have I made known that which shall surely be.' The declaration אֶפְרַיִם לְשַׁמָּה תִהְיֶה (Ephraim leshamah tihyeh): 'Ephraim shall be for desolation'—absolute certainty. The 'day of rebuke' (יוֹם תּוֹכֵחָה, yom tokhechah) references coming judgment. God has 'made known that which shall surely be' (הוֹדַעְתִּי נֶאֱמָנָה, hoda'ti ne'emanah)—declared reliable truth. This emphasizes prophetic certainty: God's word accomplishes what it declares (Isaiah 55:11). The warning among 'tribes of Israel' indicates comprehensive proclamation—none can claim ignorance. When divine patience exhausts, declared judgment certainly arrives. Only Christ's substitutionary atonement averts certain judgment for believers (Romans 8:1).

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Historical & Cultural Context

The prophecy fulfilled completely: northern Israel became desolate in Assyrian conquest (722 BC). The population was deported, foreigners imported (2 Kings 17:24-41), and the region became Samaria—mixed population despised by Jews. The 'ten tribes' disappeared from history as distinct entities. Archaeological evidence shows widespread destruction and population displacement. Cities like Samaria, Megiddo, Hazor show 8th century destruction layers. God's declared word proved absolutely reliable—every prophetic warning materialized. This demonstrates that divine declarations, though delayed by patience, ultimately fulfill with perfect precision. Biblical eschatology similarly teaches certainty of future judgment (2 Peter 3:3-10).

Reflection Questions

  1. How should the absolute certainty of fulfilled prophecy strengthen confidence in yet-unfulfilled biblical promises and warnings?
  2. What does Ephraim's complete desolation teach about the seriousness of ignoring clear prophetic warnings?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙1 of 9

Ephraim

H669

ephrajim, a son of joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory

לְשַׁמָּ֣ה2 of 9

shall be desolate

H8047

ruin; by implication, consternation

תִֽהְיֶ֔ה3 of 9
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

בְּי֖וֹם4 of 9

in the day

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

תּֽוֹכֵחָ֑ה5 of 9

of rebuke

H8433

chastisement; figuratively (by words) correction, refutation, proof (even in defense)

בְּשִׁבְטֵי֙6 of 9

among the tribes

H7626

a scion, i.e., (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan

יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל7 of 9

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

הוֹדַ֖עְתִּי8 of 9

have I made known

H3045

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

נֶאֱמָנָֽה׃9 of 9

that which shall surely be

H539

properly, to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurse; figuratively to render (or be) firm or faithful, to trust or believe, to be permanen


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Hosea. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Hosea 5:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Hosea 5:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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