King James Version

What Does Ezra 2:3 Mean?

Ezra 2:3 in the King James Version says “The children of Parosh, two thousand an hundred seventy and two. — study this verse from Ezra chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The children of Parosh, two thousand an hundred seventy and two.

Ezra 2:3 · KJV


Context

1

Now these are the children of the province that went up out of the captivity, of those which had been carried away, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away unto Babylon, and came again unto Jerusalem and Judah, every one unto his city;

2

Which came with Zerubbabel: Jeshua, Nehemiah, Seraiah, Reelaiah, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispar, Bigvai, Rehum, Baanah. The number of the men of the people of Israel: Seraiah: also called, Azariah, nehe.7.7.

3

The children of Parosh, two thousand an hundred seventy and two.

4

The children of Shephatiah, three hundred seventy and two.

5

The children of Arah, seven hundred seventy and five.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The children of Parosh, two thousand an hundred seventy and two. This census begins the genealogical register of returning exiles with the family of Parosh (פַּרְעֹשׁ), meaning 'flea' or possibly 'blooming'—a name suggesting humble origins transformed by God's grace. The precise enumeration of 2,172 individuals demonstrates meticulous record-keeping that served legal, theological, and historical purposes.

The Hebrew word bene (בְּנֵי, 'children') denotes both literal descendants and clan members, encompassing family units that preserved covenant identity through seventy years of captivity. These numbers weren't merely statistical—each represented a soul who chose costly obedience to return. The Parosh family's prominence (largest group listed) suggests significant leadership role in the exile community.

Theologically, this verse teaches that God's redemptive work includes detailed record of individuals. Unlike pagan empires that treated masses as expendable, Scripture names families and numbers souls, reflecting the God who 'knows them that are His' (2 Timothy 2:19). The parallel account in Nehemiah 7:8 lists identical numbers, confirming historical reliability.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The census format follows ancient Near Eastern administrative practices, particularly Persian imperial records that documented populations for taxation and military conscription. However, Ezra's register served distinct theological purpose: establishing genealogical legitimacy for land claims, priestly service, and covenant identity. Families had preserved genealogies through two generations of exile, demonstrating extraordinary commitment to heritage despite assimilation pressures.

The return occurred in 538 BC under Zerubbabel's leadership, approximately fifty years after Babylon's destruction of Jerusalem. Those returning faced ruins, hostile neighbors, and massive rebuilding task. The detailed numbers (often totaling odd figures) suggest authentic historical sources rather than symbolic approximations.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does God's preservation of family identities through exile teach about His faithfulness to generational covenant promises?
  2. How should the church today balance concern for numerical growth with care for individual souls known by name?
  3. What costly decisions might modern believers face that parallel the choice to leave comfortable exile for difficult obedience?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
בְּנֵ֣י1 of 6

The children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

פַרְעֹ֔שׁ2 of 6

of Parosh

H6551

parosh, the name of our israelite

אַלְפַּ֕יִם3 of 6

two thousand

H505

hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand

מֵאָ֖ה4 of 6

an hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

שִׁבְעִ֥ים5 of 6

seventy

H7657

seventy

וּשְׁנָֽיִם׃6 of 6

and two

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezra. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezra 2:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezra 2:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study