King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 6:13 Mean?

1 Samuel 6:13 in the King James Version says “And they of Bethshemesh were reaping their wheat harvest in the valley: and they lifted up their eyes, and saw the ark, ... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 6 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And they of Bethshemesh were reaping their wheat harvest in the valley: and they lifted up their eyes, and saw the ark, and rejoiced to see it.

1 Samuel 6:13 · KJV


Context

11

And they laid the ark of the LORD upon the cart, and the coffer with the mice of gold and the images of their emerods.

12

And the kine took the straight way to the way of Bethshemesh, and went along the highway , lowing as they went, and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left; and the lords of the Philistines went after them unto the border of Bethshemesh.

13

And they of Bethshemesh were reaping their wheat harvest in the valley: and they lifted up their eyes, and saw the ark, and rejoiced to see it.

14

And the cart came into the field of Joshua, a Bethshemite, and stood there, where there was a great stone: and they clave the wood of the cart, and offered the kine a burnt offering unto the LORD.

15

And the Levites took down the ark of the LORD, and the coffer that was with it, wherein the jewels of gold were, and put them on the great stone: and the men of Bethshemesh offered burnt offerings and sacrificed sacrifices the same day unto the LORD.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And they of Beth-shemesh were reaping their wheat harvest in the valley: and they lifted up their eyes, and saw the ark, and rejoiced to see it.

The wheat harvest setting provides both temporal marker and theological significance. The Hebrew verb samach (rejoiced) describes their spontaneous delight at seeing the Ark return. Beth-shemesh, meaning 'house of the sun,' was a Levitical city in Judah's territory, making it an appropriate first stop for the Ark's return. The agricultural scene of harvest contrasts with the spiritual barrenness Israel had experienced during the Ark's absence. Just as the wheat harvest represented God's material provision, the Ark's return signified the restoration of His covenantal presence. The workers' immediate recognition of the Ark demonstrates that despite Israel's spiritual decline, some retained awareness of sacred things. Their joy, however, would soon prove premature, as proximity to the holy without proper reverence brings judgment rather than blessing.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Beth-shemesh (modern Tell er-Rumeileh) sat on the northern border of Judah, approximately fifteen miles west of Jerusalem. As a Levitical city assigned to the Kohathites (Joshua 21:16), it should have had proper understanding of Ark protocols. The wheat harvest occurred in late May to early June, dating this event to approximately that season.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the contrast between agricultural abundance and spiritual return teach about God's comprehensive blessing?
  2. How might initial joy at encountering sacred things give way to improper familiarity?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
וּבֵ֣ית1 of 14
H0
שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ2 of 14

And they of Bethshemesh

H1053

beth-shemesh, a place in palestine

קֹֽצְרִ֥ים3 of 14

were reaping

H7114

to dock off, i.e., curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest (grass or grain)

קְצִיר4 of 14

harvest

H7105

severed, a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage)

חִטִּ֖ים5 of 14

their wheat

H2406

wheat, whether the grain or the plant

בָּעֵ֑מֶק6 of 14

in the valley

H6010

a vale (i.e., broad depression)

וַיִּשְׂא֣וּ7 of 14

and they lifted up

H5375

to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative

אֶת8 of 14
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

עֵֽינֵיהֶ֗ם9 of 14

their eyes

H5869

an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

לִרְאֽוֹת׃10 of 14

and saw

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

אֶת11 of 14
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הָ֣אָר֔וֹן12 of 14

the ark

H727

a box

וַֽיִּשְׂמְח֖וּ13 of 14

and rejoiced

H8055

probably to brighten up, i.e., (figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or gleesome

לִרְאֽוֹת׃14 of 14

and saw

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 6:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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