King James Version

What Does 1 Chronicles 11:34 Mean?

1 Chronicles 11:34 in the King James Version says “The sons of Hashem the Gizonite, Jonathan the son of Shage the Hararite, Hashem: or, Jashen” — study this verse from 1 Chronicles chapter 11 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

“The sons of Hashem the Gizonite, Jonathan the son of Shage the Hararite, Hashem: or, Jashen”

1 Chronicles 11:34 · KJV

Context

32

Hurai of the brooks of Gaash, Abiel the Arbathite, Hurai: or, Hiddai Abiel: or, Abialbon

33

Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,

34

The sons of Hashem the Gizonite, Jonathan the son of Shage the Hararite, Hashem: or, Jashen

35

Ahiam the son of Sacar the Hararite, Eliphal the son of Ur, Sacar: or, Sharar Eliphal: or, Eliphelet Ur: or, Ahasbai

36

Hepher the Mecherathite, Ahijah the Pelonite,

Read 1 Chronicles 11 full chapter

Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Theological Analysis: This passage falls within the section on David established as king and mighty men. The Hebrew term בְּרִית (berit) - covenant is theologically significant here, pointing to God's sovereign choice of leadership. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Levitical service, and covenant faithfulness.

Chronicles presents David not primarily as warrior-king but as worship organizer and temple planner. This verse contributes to that portrait by highlighting the spiritual dimensions of Israel's national life. The text demonstrates that true prosperity comes through proper worship and covenant obedience rather than merely military or political success.

Doctrinally, this passage teaches about God's sovereign choice of leadership. Cross-references throughout Chronicles connect David's reign to the broader redemptive narrative, showing how God's covenant promises advance through faithful human leadership while ultimately depending on divine grace and power. The messianic implications are profound: David as type of Christ, the Messianic King.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Historical Background: This section describes events from David's reign (c. 1010-970 BCE) but was written centuries later during the Persian period (c. 450-400 BCE). The Chronicler's selectivity in retelling David's story serves his theological purposes—he omits David's sins (Bathsheba, Absalom's rebellion) while emphasizing David's worship reforms and temple preparations.

The historical setting of David established as king and mighty men occurred during Israel's united monarchy, when the nation reached its territorial and political zenith. Archaeological evidence from this period shows significant building projects and administrative development. However, the Chronicler writes for a much smaller, struggling post-exilic community, using David's golden age to inspire hope for restoration.

Ancient Near Eastern parallels show that temple construction and royal sponsorship of worship were common across cultures. However, Israel's understanding of worship centered on covenant relationship with the one true God rather than manipulation of capricious deities. This theological distinctiveness shapes the Chronicler's presentation.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this verse's emphasis on God's sovereign choice of leadership challenge or affirm your current spiritual priorities and practices?
  2. What does David as type of Christ, the Messianic King teach you about Jesus Christ and His redemptive work?
  3. In what practical ways can you apply the principles of covenant faithfulness and proper worship demonstrated in this passage?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
בֶּן1 of 7

“The sons”

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

הָשֵׁם֙2 of 7

“of Hashem”

H2044

hashem, an israelite

הַגִּ֣זוֹנִ֔י3 of 7

“the Gizonite”

H1493

a gizonite or inhabitant of gizoh

יֽוֹנָתָ֥ן4 of 7

“Jonathan”

H3129

jonathan, the name of ten israelites

בֶּן5 of 7

“The sons”

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

שָׁגֵ֖ה6 of 7

“of Shage”

H7681

shage, an israelite

הַֽהֲרָרִֽי׃7 of 7

“the Hararite”

H2043

hararite

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Chronicles. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Chronicles 11:34 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Chronicles 11:34 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

2 Samuel 23:32-33

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