The meaning of “καταλλαγή”
Understanding katallagḗ reveals the original theological depth often simplified in translation.
atonement, reconciliation(-ing). - exchange (figuratively, adjustment), i.e. restoration to (the divine) favor
καταλλαγή
atonement, reconciliation(-ing). - exchange (figuratively, adjustment), i.e. restoration to (the divine) favor
Occurrences in the Bible
| Reference | Text | |
|---|---|---|
| Romans 5:11 | “And not only so, but we also joy in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom we have now received the atonement.” Word: καταλλαγή (katallagḗ) | |
| Romans 11:15 | “For if the casting away of them be the reconciling of the world, what shall the receiving of them be, but life from the dead?” Word: καταλλαγή (katallagḗ) | |
| 2 Corinthians 5:18 | “And all things are of God, who hath reconciled us to himself by Jesus Christ, and hath given to us the ministry of reconciliation;” Word: καταλλαγή (katallagḗ) | |
| 2 Corinthians 5:19 | “To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them; and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation.” Word: καταλλαγή (katallagḗ) |
Usage Statistics
Theological Word Study: Atonement
Old Testament Usage
Meaning: To cover, make atonement
The Hebrew kaphar (כָּפַר) means to cover or make atonement—the basis for Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement). The blood of sacrifices covered sin: 'it is the blood that maketh an atonement for the soul' (Leviticus 17:11).
New Testament Usage
Meaning: Reconciliation, atonement
The Greek katallage (καταλλαγή) means reconciliation—restoring relationship with God. Christ's death accomplished 'the atonement' (Romans 5:11), bringing peace between God and man.