King James Version

What Does Exodus 31:16 Mean?

Exodus 31:16 in the King James Version says “Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a perp... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 31 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant.

Exodus 31:16 · KJV


Context

14

Ye shall keep the sabbath therefore; for it is holy unto you: every one that defileth it shall surely be put to death: for whosoever doeth any work therein, that soul shall be cut off from among his people.

15

Six days may work be done; but in the seventh is the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whosoever doeth any work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death. holy: Heb. holiness

16

Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant.

17

It is a sign between me and the children of Israel for ever: for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed.

18

And he gave unto Moses, when he had made an end of communing with him upon mount Sinai, two tables of testimony, tables of stone, written with the finger of God.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The Sabbath is a sign between God and Israel forever, reminding them that the LORD sanctifies them. Sabbath-keeping testified to creation (God rested on the seventh day) and sanctification (God sets apart His people). Sabbath rest prefigures the spiritual rest believers find in Christ—ceasing from self-effort, trusting His finished work (Hebrews 4:9-10). Violating the Sabbath incurred death, showing that rejecting God's rest is spiritual death.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Sabbath command's placement after tabernacle instructions (before construction began) emphasized that even sacred work must pause for sacred rest. God's people rest in His timing, not working constantly even for holy purposes.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Sabbath rest prefigure ceasing from self-effort and resting in Christ's finished work?
  2. What does the severity of Sabbath violation teach about rejecting God's rest?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וְשָֽׁמְר֥וּ1 of 11

shall keep

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

בְנֵֽי2 of 11

Wherefore the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל3 of 11

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

אֶת4 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַשַּׁבָּ֛ת5 of 11

the sabbath

H7676

intermission, i.e (specifically) the sabbath

לַֽעֲשׂ֧וֹת6 of 11

to observe

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

אֶת7 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַשַּׁבָּ֛ת8 of 11

the sabbath

H7676

intermission, i.e (specifically) the sabbath

לְדֹֽרֹתָ֖ם9 of 11

throughout their generations

H1755

properly, a revolution of time, i.e., an age or generation; also a dwelling

בְּרִ֥ית10 of 11

covenant

H1285

a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)

עוֹלָֽם׃11 of 11

for a perpetual

H5769

properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 31:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 31:16 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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