King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 33:20 Mean?

Deuteronomy 33:20 in the King James Version says “And of Gad he said, Blessed be he that enlargeth Gad: he dwelleth as a lion, and teareth the arm with the crown of the h... — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 33 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And of Gad he said, Blessed be he that enlargeth Gad: he dwelleth as a lion, and teareth the arm with the crown of the head.

Deuteronomy 33:20 · KJV


Context

18

And of Zebulun he said, Rejoice, Zebulun, in thy going out; and, Issachar, in thy tents.

19

They shall call the people unto the mountain; there they shall offer sacrifices of righteousness: for they shall suck of the abundance of the seas, and of treasures hid in the sand.

20

And of Gad he said, Blessed be he that enlargeth Gad: he dwelleth as a lion, and teareth the arm with the crown of the head.

21

And he provided the first part for himself, because there, in a portion of the lawgiver, was he seated; and he came with the heads of the people, he executed the justice of the LORD, and his judgments with Israel. seated: Heb. cieled

22

And of Dan he said, Dan is a lion's whelp: he shall leap from Bashan.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Blessed be he that enlargeth Gad—Moses blesses Gad with territorial expansion and military might. Marchiv (enlargeth) comes from the root rachav (to make wide/spacious), indicating God's provision of lebensraum (living space). Gad's Trans-Jordan inheritance was already secured (Numbers 32), but this blessing promises continued expansion.

He dwelleth as a lion, and teareth the arm with the crown of the head—Gad is compared to lavi (a mature lion), not merely fierce but dominant and territorial. The vivid imagery of tearing 'arm with crown of head' (Hebrew: zeroa aph qadhqod) describes a lion's lethal attack, seizing both limb and skull. Gad's military prowess would protect Israel's eastern flank against Ammonite and Moabite aggression, fulfilling their covenant obligation despite settling outside Canaan proper (Numbers 32:20-22).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Gad's territory in Gilead (east of Jordan) was prime grazing land but also exposed to constant raids from Ammon, Moab, and desert tribes. Moses's blessing acknowledges both the danger and the courage required to hold this frontier. Gad did indeed produce mighty warriors (1 Chronicles 5:18-22, 12:8-15) who defended Israel's borders. Their eastward position made them perpetual guardians, fulfilling the 'enlargement' through military strength rather than agricultural plenty.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'frontier' positions in your life or community require the courage and tenacity of a lion to defend biblical truth?
  2. How does Gad's faithfulness to fight for his brothers, despite having his own inheritance secured, model Christian solidarity?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
גָּ֑ד1 of 11

And of Gad

H1410

gad, a son of jacob, including his tribe and its territory; also a prophet

אָמַ֔ר2 of 11

he said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

בָּר֖וּךְ3 of 11

Blessed

H1288

to kneel; by implication to bless god (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (god or the king, as

מַרְחִ֣יב4 of 11

be he that enlargeth

H7337

to broaden (intransitive or transitive, literal or figurative)

גָּ֑ד5 of 11

And of Gad

H1410

gad, a son of jacob, including his tribe and its territory; also a prophet

כְּלָבִ֣יא6 of 11

as a lion

H3833

a lion (properly, a lioness as the fiercer (although not a roarer;))

שָׁכֵ֔ן7 of 11

he dwelleth

H7931

to reside or permanently stay (literally or figuratively)

וְטָרַ֥ף8 of 11

and teareth

H2963

to pluck off or pull to pieces; causatively to supply with food (as in morsels)

זְר֖וֹעַ9 of 11

the arm

H2220

the arm (as stretched out), or (of animals) the foreleg; figuratively, force

אַף10 of 11

with

H637

meaning accession (used as an adverb or conjunction); also or yea; adversatively though

קָדְקֹֽד׃11 of 11

the crown of the head

H6936

the crown of the head (as the part most bowed)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 33:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 33:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study