King James Version

What Does 1 Timothy 5:12 Mean?

1 Timothy 5:12 in the King James Version says “Having damnation, because they have cast off their first faith. — study this verse from 1 Timothy chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Having damnation, because they have cast off their first faith.

1 Timothy 5:12 · KJV


Context

10

Well reported of for good works; if she have brought up children, if she have lodged strangers, if she have washed the saints' feet, if she have relieved the afflicted, if she have diligently followed every good work.

11

But the younger widows refuse: for when they have begun to wax wanton against Christ, they will marry;

12

Having damnation, because they have cast off their first faith.

13

And withal they learn to be idle, wandering about from house to house; and not only idle, but tattlers also and busybodies, speaking things which they ought not.

14

I will therefore that the younger women marry, bear children, guide the house, give none occasion to the adversary to speak reproachfully. to speak: Gr. for their railing


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Having damnation, because they have cast off their first faith (κρῖμα ἔχουσαι ὅτι τὴν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν, krima echousai hoti tēn prōtēn pistin ēthetēsan)—'incurring condemnation because they have abandoned their prior commitment.' Krima means judgment, condemnation. Atheteo means to set aside, reject, nullify. Prōtē pistis is 'first faith'—likely not initial faith in Christ but their first pledge or commitment (to celibate service on the widow roll).

The problem isn't remarriage itself (Paul recommends it in 5:14), but breaking a commitment made to remain single for church service. Young widows who enrolled, pledged celibate devotion, then abandoned that vow to remarry have broken faith. They've nullified their commitment, bringing judgment (shame, broken trust) on themselves and the church.

This warns against hasty commitments. Better not to make vows than to make and break them (Ecclesiastes 5:4-5). The issue isn't remarriage but faithfulness—keep your word, or don't make promises you can't sustain. Character includes reliability and follow-through.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Some interpreters see 'first faith' as initial faith in Christ, suggesting these widows apostasized. But context favors understanding it as the commitment made upon enrollment—a pledge to devoted service. Breaking such vows damaged both personal integrity and the church's credibility. The early church took vows seriously—your word mattered. Modern culture's casual approach to commitments would horrify Paul.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'first faith' have the younger widows abandoned—initial Christian faith or a specific vow?
  2. Why is breaking commitments (even well-intentioned ones made hastily) so serious?
  3. How can we balance not making rash vows with making appropriate commitments to serve God?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 7 words
ἔχουσαι1 of 7

Having

G2192

to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

κρίμα2 of 7

damnation

G2917

a decision (the function or the effect, for or against ("crime"))

ὅτι3 of 7

because

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

τὴν4 of 7
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πρώτην5 of 7

their first

G4413

foremost (in time, place, order or importance)

πίστιν6 of 7

faith

G4102

persuasion, i.e., credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of god or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon christ

ἠθέτησαν·7 of 7

they have cast off

G114

to set aside, i.e., (by implication) to disesteem, neutralize or violate


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Timothy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Timothy 5:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Timothy 5:12 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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