King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 5:2 Mean?

1 Samuel 5:2 in the King James Version says “When the Philistines took the ark of God, they brought it into the house of Dagon, and set it by Dagon. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

When the Philistines took the ark of God, they brought it into the house of Dagon, and set it by Dagon.

1 Samuel 5:2 · KJV


Context

1

And the Philistines took the ark of God, and brought it from Ebenezer unto Ashdod.

2

When the Philistines took the ark of God, they brought it into the house of Dagon, and set it by Dagon.

3

And when they of Ashdod arose early on the morrow, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the earth before the ark of the LORD. And they took Dagon, and set him in his place again.

4

And when they arose early on the morrow morning, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the ground before the ark of the LORD; and the head of Dagon and both the palms of his hands were cut off upon the threshold; only the stump of Dagon was left to him. the stump: or, the fishy part


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The Philistines place the Ark in Dagon's temple 'by Dagon,' positioning it as inferior tribute or captive trophy. Standard ancient practice interpreted military victory as divine victory - Dagon had defeated Yahweh. The placement 'by' (or 'beside') Dagon suggests subordination. The Philistines interpret events through their theological framework: their god has triumphed over Israel's god. This theological claim is about to be dramatically refuted.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Dagon was an ancient Semitic deity worshipped throughout Mesopotamia and Canaan. The Philistines adopted him as their chief god. Placing captured cultic objects in the victor's temple was standard practice (1 Samuel 31:10; 2 Kings 18:34), demonstrating divine and military superiority.

Reflection Questions

  1. What theological statement did placing the Ark beside Dagon intend to make?
  2. How do people today position God's truth as subordinate to other authorities?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
וַיִּקְח֤וּ1 of 13

took

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

פְלִשְׁתִּים֙2 of 13

When the Philistines

H6430

a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth

אֶת3 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֲר֣וֹן4 of 13

the ark

H727

a box

הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים5 of 13

of God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

וַיָּבִ֥אוּ6 of 13

they brought

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

אֹת֖וֹ7 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בֵּ֣ית8 of 13

it into the house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

דָּגֽוֹן׃9 of 13

Dagon

H1712

dagon, a philistine deity

וַיַּצִּ֥יגוּ10 of 13

and set

H3322

to place permanently

אֹת֖וֹ11 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֵ֥צֶל12 of 13

it by

H681

a side; (as a preposition) near

דָּגֽוֹן׃13 of 13

Dagon

H1712

dagon, a philistine deity


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 5:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 5:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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