King James Version

What Does 1 Kings 10:23 Mean?

1 Kings 10:23 in the King James Version says “So king Solomon exceeded all the kings of the earth for riches and for wisdom. — study this verse from 1 Kings chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

So king Solomon exceeded all the kings of the earth for riches and for wisdom.

1 Kings 10:23 · KJV


Context

21

And all king Solomon's drinking vessels were of gold, and all the vessels of the house of the forest of Lebanon were of pure gold; none were of silver: it was nothing accounted of in the days of Solomon. none: or, there was no silver in them

22

For the king had at sea a navy of Tharshish with the navy of Hiram: once in three years came the navy of Tharshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks. ivory: or, elephants' teeth

23

So king Solomon exceeded all the kings of the earth for riches and for wisdom.

24

And all the earth sought to Solomon, to hear his wisdom, which God had put in his heart. sought to: Heb. sought the face of

25

And they brought every man his present, vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and garments, and armour, and spices, horses, and mules, a rate year by year.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
So king Solomon exceeded all the kings of the earth for riches and for wisdom.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of queen of sheba and solomon's wealth, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy. Solomon's God-given wisdom points to Christ, 'in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge' (Colossians 2:3).

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

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Historical & Cultural Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Reflection Questions

  1. How did Solomon's disobedience to God's clear commands lead to his downfall, and what warnings does this provide?
  2. What role do relationships and alliances play in either strengthening or compromising our faith?
  3. How does this verse point toward or prepare for the coming of Christ and His eternal kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וַיִּגְדַּל֙1 of 8

exceeded

H1431

to be (causatively make) large (in various senses, as in body, mind, estate or honor, also in pride)

מַלְכֵ֣י2 of 8

So king

H4428

a king

שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה3 of 8

Solomon

H8010

shelomah, david's successor

מִכֹּ֖ל4 of 8
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

מַלְכֵ֣י5 of 8

So king

H4428

a king

הָאָ֑רֶץ6 of 8

of the earth

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

לְעֹ֖שֶׁר7 of 8

for riches

H6239

wealth

וּלְחָכְמָֽה׃8 of 8

and for wisdom

H2451

wisdom (in a good sense)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Kings 10:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Kings 10:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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