King James Version

What Does 1 Chronicles 4:22 Mean?

1 Chronicles 4:22 in the King James Version says “And Jokim, and the men of Chozeba, and Joash, and Saraph, who had the dominion in Moab, and Jashubilehem. And these are ... — study this verse from 1 Chronicles chapter 4 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Jokim, and the men of Chozeba, and Joash, and Saraph, who had the dominion in Moab, and Jashubilehem. And these are ancient things.

1 Chronicles 4:22 · KJV


Context

20

And the sons of Shimon were, Amnon, and Rinnah, Benhanan, and Tilon. And the sons of Ishi were, Zoheth, and Benzoheth.

21

The sons of Shelah the son of Judah were, Er the father of Lecah, and Laadah the father of Mareshah, and the families of the house of them that wrought fine linen, of the house of Ashbea,

22

And Jokim, and the men of Chozeba, and Joash, and Saraph, who had the dominion in Moab, and Jashubilehem. And these are ancient things.

23

These were the potters, and those that dwelt among plants and hedges: there they dwelt with the king for his work.

24

The sons of Simeon were, Nemuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul: Nemuel: or, Jemuel Jarib, Zerah: or, Jachin Zohar


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Genealogical Significance: This verse appears within the Judah's expansion and conquest section of Chronicles' genealogical framework. The Hebrew term נַחֲלָה (nachalah) - inheritance is central to understanding this passage's purpose. The Chronicler, writing to post-exilic Israel (c. 450-400 BCE), uses these genealogies not merely as historical records but as theological statements about covenant continuity and divine faithfulness.

The genealogical structure serves multiple purposes: (1) establishing Israel's connection to God's creatio n plan from Adam, (2) legitimizing post-exilic community's claim to covenant promises, (3) emphasizing Judah and Levi's special roles in God's redemptive plan, and (4) demonstrating that despite exile, God's covenant purposes continue. The selection and arrangement of names is intentional, highlighting God's faithfulness in land promises.

Chronicles diverges from Genesis and Samuel-Kings in its genealogical presentation, reflecting the Chronicler's distinct theological agenda. Where earlier texts focus on narrative history, Chronicles emphasizes continuity, legitimacy, and hope for restoration. This verse contributes to the larger argument that the post-exilic community is the rightful heir of God's ancient covenant promises.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Post-Exilic Context: The Chronicler wrote during the Persian period (450-400 BCE) to a community returned from Babylonian exile, struggling with identity and purpose. These genealogies answered crucial questions: Who are we? What is our relationship to ancient Israel? Do God's promises still apply to us?

The historical setting influences the text's emphasis on Genealogies of Judah's clans and territorial expansions. Ancient Near Eastern cultures valued genealogies for establishing land rights, royal legitimacy, and tribal identity. Chronicles' genealogies served similar functions while adding theological depth. The inclusion of specific names and details reflects the author's access to temple archives, royal records, and earlier biblical texts.

Archaeological evidence from Persian-period Judah shows a small, struggling community centered around Jerusalem and the rebuilt temple. The genealogies reinforced their connection to the glorious past and provided hope for future restoration through God's covenant faithfulness.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does understanding genealogies as theological statements rather than mere historical records change your reading of Chronicles and other biblical genealogies?
  2. What does this verse teach about God's faithfulness across generations, and how does that apply to your own family's spiritual legacy?
  3. How does God's faithfulness in land promises connect to the New Testament revelation of Jesus Christ as the fulfillment of Old Testament promises?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וְיוֹקִ֞ים1 of 12

And Jokim

H3137

jokim, an israelite

וְאַנְשֵׁ֣י2 of 12

and the men

H582

properly, a mortal (and thus differing from the more dignified h0120); hence, a man in general (singly or collectively)

כֹֽזֵבָ֗א3 of 12

of Chozeba

H3578

cozeba, a place in palestine

וְיוֹאָ֧שׁ4 of 12

and Joash

H3101

joash, the name of six israelites

וְשָׂרָ֛ף5 of 12

and Saraph

H8315

saraph, an israelite

אֲשֶׁר6 of 12
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

בָּֽעֲל֥וּ7 of 12

who had the dominion

H1166

to be master; hence, to marry

לְמוֹאָ֖ב8 of 12

in Moab

H4124

moab, an incestuous son of lot; also his territory and descendants

וְיָשֻׁ֣בִי9 of 12
H0
לָ֑חֶם10 of 12

and Jashubilehem

H3433

jashubi-lechem, an israelite

וְהַדְּבָרִ֖ים11 of 12

things

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

עַתִּיקִֽים׃12 of 12

And these are ancient

H6267

removed, i.e., weaned; also antique


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Chronicles. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Chronicles 4:22 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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