King James Version

What Does Joshua 18:18 Mean?

Joshua 18:18 in the King James Version says “And passed along toward the side over against Arabah northward, and went down unto Arabah: Arabah: or, the plain” — study this verse from Joshua chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

“And passed along toward the side over against Arabah northward, and went down unto Arabah: Arabah: or, the plain”

Joshua 18:18 · King James Version


Context

16

And the border came down to the end of the mountain that lieth before the valley of the son of Hinnom, and which is in the valley of the giants on the north, and descended to the valley of Hinnom, to the side of Jebusi on the south, and descended to Enrogel,

17

And was drawn from the north, and went forth to Enshemesh, and went forth toward Geliloth, which is over against the going up of Adummim, and descended to the stone of Bohan the son of Reuben,

18

And passed along toward the side over against Arabah northward, and went down unto Arabah: Arabah: or, the plain

19

And the border passed along to the side of Bethhoglah northward: and the outgoings of the border were at the north bay of the salt sea at the south end of Jordan: this was the south coast. bay: Heb. tongue

20

And Jordan was the border of it on the east side. This was the inheritance of the children of Benjamin, by the coasts thereof round about, according to their families.


Commentaries3 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
And passed along toward the side over against Arabah northward, and went down unto Arabah—The Arabah (Ha-Aravah, הָעֲרָבָה) is the Jordan rift valley extending from the Sea of Galilee to the Gulf of Aqaba. Here it refers to the northern portion near Jericho. The repeated direction indicators (northward, went down) show meticulous boundary definition.

Such precision matters in covenant relationships. God cares about details—boundaries protect both parties' rights and prevent conflict. Spiritual boundaries likewise matter: defining truth from error, holy from profane, requires clear markers. Ambiguity breeds compromise.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Arabah's stark desert landscape formed a natural eastern boundary. Benjamin's territory thus stretched from the Jordan valley (lowest point on earth) to the central highlands—dramatic topographical variety within a small area. This reflected God's diverse provision.

Reflection Questions

  1. What spiritual boundaries do you need to define more clearly to prevent compromise?
  2. How does God's attention to territorial detail reflect His care for your life's boundaries?

Compare 3 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וְעָבַ֛ר1 of 8

“And passed along”

H5674

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in

אֶל2 of 8
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

כֶּ֥תֶף3 of 8

“toward the side”

H3802

the shoulder (proper, i.e., upper end of the arm; as being the spot where the garments hang); figuratively, side-piece or lateral projection of anythi

מוּל4 of 8

“over against”

H4136

properly, abrupt, i.e., a precipice; by implication, the front; used only adverbially (with prepositional prefix) opposite

הָֽעֲרָבָֽתָה׃5 of 8

“Arabah”

H6160

a desert; especially (with the article prefix) the (generally) sterile valley of the jordan and its continuation to the red sea

צָפ֑וֹנָה6 of 8

“northward”

H6828

properly, hidden, i.e., dark; used only of the north as a quarter (gloomy and unknown)

וְיָרַ֖ד7 of 8

“and went down”

H3381

to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau

הָֽעֲרָבָֽתָה׃8 of 8

“Arabah”

H6160

a desert; especially (with the article prefix) the (generally) sterile valley of the jordan and its continuation to the red sea


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Joshua. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Joshua 18:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Joshua 18:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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