King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 3:3 Mean?

1 Samuel 3:3 in the King James Version says “And ere the lamp of God went out in the temple of the LORD, where the ark of God was, and Samuel was laid down to sleep;” — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

“And ere the lamp of God went out in the temple of the LORD, where the ark of God was, and Samuel was laid down to sleep;”

1 Samuel 3:3 · King James Version


Context

1

And the child Samuel ministered unto the LORD before Eli. And the word of the LORD was precious in those days; there was no open vision.

2

And it came to pass at that time, when Eli was laid down in his place, and his eyes began to wax dim, that he could not see;

3

And ere the lamp of God went out in the temple of the LORD, where the ark of God was, and Samuel was laid down to sleep;

4

That the LORD called Samuel: and he answered, Here am I.

5

And he ran unto Eli, and said, Here am I; for thou calledst me. And he said, I called not; lie down again. And he went and lay down.


Commentaries4 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
The lamp of God 'not yet gone out' indicates the time just before dawn when the lampstand's oil was nearly exhausted. This liminal moment - between darkness and light - becomes the setting for divine revelation. Samuel sleeps 'where the ark of God was' - in or near the Most Holy Place. The child rests in God's presence, available even in sleep. The detail 'ere the lamp went out' may symbolize prophetic light not quite extinguished, flickering but still burning. God speaks just before the darkness becomes complete.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The tabernacle lamp was to burn continuously (Exodus 27:20-21), though this may mean it was attended to every evening rather than literally never extinguished. The timing 'before dawn' was significant for cultic activities throughout ancient Near Eastern religions.

Reflection Questions

  1. What significance do you see in God speaking at the liminal moment before dawn?
  2. How does positioning yourself in God's presence prepare you to hear His voice?

Compare 4 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וְנֵ֤ר1 of 12

“And ere the lamp”

H5216

a lamp (i.e., the burner) or light (literally or figuratively)

אֱלֹהִֽים׃2 of 12

“of God”

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

טֶ֣רֶם3 of 12
H2962

properly, non-occurrence; used adverbially, not yet or before

יִכְבֶּ֔ה4 of 12

“went out”

H3518

to expire or (causatively) to extinguish (fire, light, anger)

וּשְׁמוּאֵ֖ל5 of 12

“was and Samuel”

H8050

shemuel, the name of three israelites

שֹׁכֵ֑ב6 of 12

“was laid down”

H7901

to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)

בְּהֵיכַ֣ל7 of 12

“in the temple”

H1964

a large public building, such as a palace or temple

יְהוָ֔ה8 of 12

“of the LORD”

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֲשֶׁר9 of 12
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

שָׁ֖ם10 of 12
H8033

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

אֲר֥וֹן11 of 12

“where the ark”

H727

a box

אֱלֹהִֽים׃12 of 12

“of God”

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 3:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 3:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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